Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a surrogate for indoor pollutants emitted by humans and correlates with human metabolic activity. Humans are the main indoor source of carbon dioxide. Indoor levels are an indicator of the adequacy of outdoor air ventilation relative to indoor occupant density.

The levels of CO2 in indoors are dependant upon:

  • the number of people present
  • how long an area has been occupied
  • the amount of outdoor fresh air entering the area
  • the size of the room or area
  • the outdoor fresh air concentration

To have any health impact, high concentration of carbon dioxide exposure is required before any significant health problems occur. Symptoms such as breathing problems, headaches, dizziness and nausea can be experienced. But even at a moderate level, carbon dioxide can create feelings of stuffiness and general discomfort.

Singapore National Environment Agency recommends that the maximum threshold level for carbon dioxide should not exceed 1000ppm (or 0.1%) based on "Guidelines for Good Indoor Air Quality in Office Premises".


To read more on Indoor air quality and environmental health issues, please click on the following link: More on Indoor air quality Singapore 




































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